Texas

31.7 million people live in Texas. Its population grew 8.8% since 2020, the 3rd fastest of 51. The typical household earns $82,625 a year, 3% below the national median, and the median home is worth $318,100, 14% below the U.S. median.

Population: 31.7 million; 2nd highest of 51
Median household income: $82,625; 3% lower than the U.S. ($84,780)
Median home value: $318,100; 14% lower than the U.S. ($371,100)
Poverty rate: 12.7%; 0.9 points above the U.S. (11.8%)

Economy

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Median household income

$82,625 per year

3% lower than the U.S. ($84,780). 24th highest of 51.

Half of households earn more than this, half earn less. 2025, in 2025 dollars.

Income per person

$43,008 per year

9% lower than the U.S. ($47,171). 18th lowest of 51.

Total income divided by every resident, children included. 2025, in 2025 dollars.

Poverty rate

12.7%

0.9 points above the U.S. (11.8%). 12th highest of 51.

Share of people living below the federal poverty line. 2025.

Average commute

27.8 min one way

1% higher than the U.S. (27.4 min). 12th highest of 51.

Average travel time to work for workers 16 and older. 2025.

Housing

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Median home value

$318,100

14% lower than the U.S. ($371,100). 22nd lowest of 51.

For homes lived in by their owners. 2025, in 2025 dollars.

Median rent

$1,515 per month

3% lower than the U.S. ($1,557). 21st highest of 51.

Gross rent: contract rent plus utilities. 2025, in 2025 dollars.

Homeownership rate

62.7%

2.6 points below the U.S. (65.3%). 7th lowest of 51.

Share of occupied homes lived in by their owners. 2025.

People

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Population

31,709,821

9.3% of the U.S. total. 2nd highest of 51.

Estimated number of residents. July 1, 2025.

Population change since 2020

+8.8%

5.7 points above the U.S. (+3.1%). 3rd highest of 51.

Growth since the 2020 census. April 2020 to July 2025.

Under 18

24.0%

2.9 points above the U.S. (21.1%). 2nd highest of 51.

Share of residents younger than 18. Latest available.

65 and older

14.9%

4.0 points below the U.S. (18.9%). 3rd lowest of 51.

Share of residents 65 or older. Latest available.

Born abroad

18.5%

3.8 points above the U.S. (14.7%). 7th highest of 51.

Share of residents born outside the United States. 2025.

Race and ethnicity

Hispanic largest group

Hispanic residents are the largest group in Texas, at 40.9%. Nationwide they are 20.5%.

White, Black, Asian and Other exclude Hispanics, who can be of any race. Other covers all remaining non-Hispanic residents, such as American Indian, Alaska Native, Pacific Islander and multiracial people. July 1, 2025.

White 37.3% U.S. 56.1%
Black 12.3% U.S. 12.3%
Asian 6.5% U.S. 6.6%
Other 3.1% U.S. 4.5%
Hispanic 40.9% U.S. 20.5%

Education

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Bachelor's degree or higher

35.5%

1.9 points below the U.S. (37.4%). 24th lowest of 51.

Share of adults 25 and older. 2025.

Health

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Without health insurance

19.1%

8.9 points above the U.S. (10.2%). Highest of 51.

Share of people under 65 with no health coverage. 2025.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau (American Community Survey 2020–2024, Population Estimates Vintage 2025, QuickFacts, county population estimates by race and Hispanic origin CC-EST2025). How we use this data.